Iimitha BODiyithuluzi elisetshenziselwa ukuthola ukungcola kwemvelo emanzini. Amamitha we-BOD asebenzisa inani lomoya-mpilo osetshenziswa izinto eziphilayo ukuze ahlukanise izinto eziphilayo ukuze ahlole ikhwalithi yamanzi.
Isimiso semitha ye-BOD sisekelwe enqubweni yokubola ukungcola okuphilayo emanzini ngamabhaktheriya futhi kudle umoya-mpilo. Okokuqala, inani elithile lesampula likhishwa kusampula yamanzi ukuze lihlolwe, bese isampula yengezwe ebhodleleni lokulinganisa eliqukethe ama-reagents ebhayoloji, aqukethe amasiko amabhaktheriya noma ama-microorganisms angaphula ukungcola kwezinto eziphilayo futhi adle umoya-mpilo.
Okulandelayo, ibhodlela lokuhlola eliqukethe isampula nama-reagents ebhayoloji liyavalwa futhi libekwe ezingeni lokushisa elithile ukuze lifukamele. Phakathi nenqubo yokulima, ukungcola kwemvelo kuyabola, okuhambisana nokwanda kwenani le-oxygen esetshenzisiwe. Ngokulinganisa ukuhlushwa kwe-oxygen esele encibilikile ebhodleleni ngemva kwesiko, inani le-BOD kusampula yamanzi lingabalwa, elisetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuhlushwa kwezinto ezingcolile eziphilayo nezimo zekhwalithi yamanzi emzimbeni wamanzi.
Ingasetshenziselwa ukuqapha umphumela wokwelashwa kwezindawo zokuhlanza indle kanye nokuhlola okuqukethwe kwemvelo emanzini njengamanzi asekhaya, amanzi angcolile ezimbonini kanye ne-drainage yezolimo. Ngokulinganisa inani le-BOD, singahlulela umphumela wokwelashwa kwendle kanye nezinga lokungcoliswa kwemizimba yamanzi, futhi sibikezele ukusetshenziswa komoyampilo webhayoloji ku-ecosystem. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithuluzi lingaphinda lisetshenziswe ukuqapha izinto ezibolayo noma ezinobuthi emanzini, linikeze ireferensi yokuvikela imithombo yamanzi kanye nendawo ezungezile.
Imitha ye-BOD inezinzuzo zokusebenzisa kalula, ukulinganisa okusheshayo nokunemba okuphezulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokulinganisa, iqonde kakhulu, iyonga futhi inokwethenjelwa. Kodwa-ke, kunemikhawulo ethile ekusetshenzisweni kwaleli thuluzi, njengesikhathi eside sokulinganisa (imvamisa izinsuku ezingu-5-7, noma izinsuku ezingu-1-30), kanye nezidingo eziphezulu zokugcinwa kwensimbi nokuphathwa kwe-reagent ye-biological. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba inqubo yokunquma isekelwe ekuphenduleni kwezinto eziphilayo, imiphumela ithintwa izimo zemvelo nomsebenzi wezinto eziphilayo, futhi izimo zokuhlola zidinga ukulawulwa ngokuqinile.
Ukufingqa, imitha ye-BOD iyithuluzi elisetshenziselwa ukukala ukungcola kwemvelo emanzini. Ihlola ikhwalithi nezinga lokungcoliswa kwamanzi ngokulinganisa inani le-oxygen esetshenziswayo lapho izinto eziphilayo kumasampula amanzi zibola. Idlala indima ebalulekile ekuqaphelweni kwezinga lamanzi kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, futhi inikeza idatha ewusizo nereferensi ukusekela ukuphathwa kwemvelo nokuvikelwa kwemithombo yamanzi. Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ngikholwa ukuthi ukusebenza kanye nezinkambu zokusetshenziswa zaleli thuluzi zizoqhubeka nokukhula futhi zibe ngcono.
Ukulimala kwe-BOD ngokweqile kubonakala ikakhulukazi kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
1. Ukusetshenziswa komoyampilo oncibilikisiwe emanzini: Okuqukethwe kwe-BOD okweqile kuzosheshisa izinga lokuzala kwamabhaktheriya e-aerobic nezinto eziphilayo ze-aerobic, okubangela ukuthi umoya-mpilo osemanzini usetshenziswe ngokushesha, okuholela ekufeni kwezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini.
2. Ukuwohloka kwekhwalithi yamanzi: Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwenani elikhulu lamagciwane adla umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wamanzi kuzodla umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe futhi kuhlanganise ukungcola kwezinto eziphilayo zibe izingxenye zakhona zokuphila. Lena impahla yokuzihlanza emzimbeni wamanzi. I-BOD eyeqile izobangela amagciwane e-aerobic, i-aerobic protozoa, nezitshalo zomdabu ze-aerobic ukuthi ziphindaphindeke ngobuningi, zidle umoya-mpilo ngokushesha, okuholela ekufeni kwezinhlanzi nezimfanzi, kanye nokuzalana okukhulu kwamagciwane anaerobic.
3. Kuthinta ikhono lokuzihlanza lomzimba wamanzi: Okuqukethwe komoyampilo oncibilikisiwe emzimbeni wamanzi kuhlobene eduze nekhono lokuzihlanza lomzimba wamanzi. Ukwehla kokuqukethwe komoyampilo okuncibilikisiwe, kuba buthaka ikhono lokuzihlanza lomzimba wamanzi.
4. Khiqiza iphunga: Okuqukethwe kwe-BOD okweqile kuzokwenza ukuthi umzimba wamanzi ukhiqize iphunga, elingathinti kuphela izinga lamanzi, kodwa futhi libeka usongo endaweni ezungezile kanye nempilo yomuntu.
5. Ibangela ama-red tides kanye nokuqhakaza kwe-algae: I-BOD eyeqile izoholela eutrophication yemithombo yamanzi, okubangela ama-red tides kanye nokuqhakaza kwe-algae. Lezi zenzakalo zizobhubhisa ibhalansi yemvelo yasemanzini futhi zibe usongo empilweni yabantu namanzi okuphuza.
Ngakho-ke, i-BOD eyeqile iyipharamitha yokungcoliswa kwekhwalithi yamanzi ebaluleke kakhulu, engabonisa ngokungaqondile okuqukethwe kwe-biodegradable organic matter emanzini. Uma indle ene-BOD eyeqile ikhishelwa emanzini emvelo anjengemifula nolwandle, ngeke nje ibangele ukufa kwezinto eziphilayo emanzini, kodwa futhi ibangele ubuthi obungapheli ngemva kokunqwabelana ochungechungeni lokudla nokungena emzimbeni womuntu, okuthinta umzimba womuntu. isimiso sezinzwa futhi kulimaze umsebenzi wesibindi.
Insimbi ye-BOD ye-Lianhua okwamanje isetshenziswa kabanzi e-China naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia ukuthola i-BOD emanzini. Ithuluzi kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi lisebenzisa ama-reagents amancane, linciphisa izinyathelo zokusebenza kanye nokungcola kwesibili. Ilungele yonke imikhakha yempilo, amanyuvesi, kanye nezinkampani zokuqapha imvelo. kanye namaphrojekthi kahulumeni okulawula ukungcoliswa kwamanzi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-08-2024
