Isibulala-magciwane se-chlorine siwukubulala amagciwane okuvame ukusetshenziswa futhi sisetshenziswa kakhulu ohlelweni lokubulala amagciwane emanzini ompompi, amachibi okubhukuda, i-tableware, njll. Kodwa-ke, izibulala-magciwane ezine-chlorine zizokhiqiza imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ngesikhathi sokukhipha amagciwane, ngakho ukuphepha kwekhwalithi yamanzi ngemva kwalokho. I-chlorination disinfection idonse ukunaka okwandayo. Okuqukethwe kwe-chlorine eyinsalela kuyinkomba ebalulekile yokuhlola ukusebenza kahle kokubulala amagciwane emanzini.
Ukuze kuvinjwe ukugcwala kwamagciwane asele, amagciwane kanye nezinye izinto ezincane emanzini, ngemva kokuba amanzi ehlanjululwe ngezibulala-magciwane ezine-chlorine isikhathi esithile, kufanele kube nenani elifanele le-chlorine esele emanzini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqhubeka. ikhono lokuvala inzalo. Kodwa-ke, lapho okuqukethwe kwe-chlorine esele kuphezulu kakhulu, kungabangela kalula ukungcoliswa kwesibili kwekhwalithi yamanzi, ngokuvamile kuholela ekukhiqizweni kwe-carcinogens, kubangele i-hemolytic anemia, njll., enemiphumela ethile eyingozi empilweni yomuntu. Ngakho-ke, ukulawula ngempumelelo kanye nokubona okuqukethwe kwe-chlorine eyinsalela kubalulekile ekwelashweni kokuphakelwa kwamanzi.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-chlorine emanzini:
I-Chlorine eyinsalela (i-chlorine yamahhala): I-Chlorine esesimweni se-hypochlorous acid, i-hypochlorite, noma i-elementi chlorine encibilikisiwe.
I-chlorine ehlanganisiwe: I-chlorine esesimweni sama-chloramine nama-organochloramines.
I-chlorine ephelele: I-chlorine ekhona ngesimo se-chlorine eyinsalela yamahhala noma i-chlorine ehlanganisiwe noma kokubili.
Ukuze kunqunywe i-chlorine esele kanye ne-chlorine ephelele emanzini, indlela ye-o-toluidine kanye nendlela ye-iodine yayisetshenziswa kabanzi esikhathini esidlule. Lezi zindlela zinzima ukusebenza futhi zinemijikelezo yokuhlaziya emide (edinga ochwepheshe abachwepheshile), futhi azikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlolwa okusheshayo nokufunwayo kwekhwalithi yamanzi. izidingo futhi azikulungele ukuhlaziya endaweni; ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi i-o-toluidine reagent i-carcinogenic, indlela esele yokutholwa kwe-chlorine “Emazingeni Enhlanzeko Amanzi Okuphuza” eyamenyezelwa uMnyango Wezempilo wase-People's Republic of China ngo-June 2001 isisuse i-o-toluidine reagent. Indlela ye-benzidine yathathelwa indawo yi-DPD spectrophotometry.
Indlela ye-DPD okwamanje ingenye yezindlela ezinembe kakhulu zokutholwa ngokushesha kwensalela ye-chlorine. Uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela ye-OTO yokuthola i-chlorine esele, ukunemba kwayo kuphakeme.
I-DPD yokutholwa kwe-photometric ehlukile Le ndlela inquma ukugcwala kwe-chlorine ngokulinganisa umbala okhiqizwa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okuthile.
Izimiso eziyisisekelo zephotometry ye-DPD imi kanje:
1. Ukusabela: Kumasampuli wamanzi, i-chlorine eyinsalela noma ingqikithi ye-chlorine ihlangana nama-reagents amakhemikhali athile (ama-DPD reagent). Lokhu kusabela kubangela ukuthi umbala wesixazululo ushintshe.
2. Ukushintsha kombala: Inhlanganisela eyakhiwe i-reagent ye-DPD kanye ne-chlorine izoshintsha umbala wesixazululo sesampula samanzi ukusuka kokungenambala noma okuphuzi ngokukhanyayo kuya kokubomvu noma okunsomi. Lokhu kushintsha kombala kungaphakathi kwebanga le-spectrum ebonakalayo.
3. Isilinganiso se-Photometric: Sebenzisa i-spectrophotometer noma i-photometer ukuze ulinganise ukumunca noma ukudluliswa kwesisombululo. Lesi silinganiso ngokuvamile senziwa ngobude obuthile (ngokuvamile obungu-520nm noma obunye ubude begagasi obuthile).
4. Ukuhlaziya nokubala: Ngokusekelwe enanini elilinganisiwe lokumunca noma ukudluliswa, sebenzisa ijika elijwayelekile noma ifomula yokugxilisa ingqondo ukuze unqume ukugcwala kwe-chlorine kusampula yamanzi.
I-photometry ye-DPD ivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wokwelashwa kwamanzi, ikakhulukazi ekuhloleni amanzi okuphuza, ikhwalithi yamanzi echibini lokubhukuda kanye nezinqubo zokwelashwa kwamanzi ezimbonini. Kuyindlela elula futhi enembile engakala ngokushesha ukugcwala kwe-chlorine ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukugcwala kwe-chlorine emanzini kungaphakathi kwebanga elifanele ukuze kuqedwe amagciwane namanye amagciwane ayingozi.
Sicela uqaphele ukuthi izindlela ezithile zokuhlaziya nezinsimbi zingahluka phakathi kwabakhiqizi namalabhorethri, ngakho-ke uma usebenzisa i-photometry ye-DPD, sicela ubhekisele endleleni ethile yokuhlaziya kanye nemanuwali yokusebenza kwezinsimbi ukuze uqinisekise ukunemba nokuphindaphinda.
I-LH-P3CLO okwamanje ehlinzekwa yi-Lianhua iyimitha eyinsalela ye-chlorine ephathekayo ethobela indlela ye-DPD photometric.
Ihambisana nezinga lemboni: HJ586-2010 Ikhwalithi Yamanzi - Ukunqunywa Kwe-Chlorine Yamahhala Nengqikithi Ye-Chlorine - N, N-diethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine indlela ye-spectrophotometric.
Izindlela ezijwayelekile zokuhlola amanzi okuphuza - Izinkomba zesibulala-magciwane (GB/T5750,11-2006)
Izici
1, Elula futhi esebenzayo, ephumelelayo ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo, ukutholwa okusheshayo kwenkomba ehlukahlukene kanye nokusebenza okulula.
Isikrini sombala esingu-2, 3.5-intshi, isikhombimsebenzisi esicacile nesinhle, isikhombimsebenzisi somsebenzisi wesitayela sokudayela, ukugxilisa ingqondo ukufunda ngokuqondile.
3, Izinkomba ezintathu ezilinganisekayo, ezisekela i-chlorine esele, i-chlorine eyinsalela ephelele, nokutholwa kwenkomba ye-chlorine dioxide.
4, 15 ama-pcs amajika akhelwe ngaphakathi, asekela ukulinganiswa kwejika, ahlangabezana nemfuneko yezikhungo zocwaningo lwesayensi, futhi azivumelanisa nezimo ezihlukahlukene zokuhlola.
5, Ukusekela ukulinganiswa kwamehlo, ukuqinisekisa ukushuba okukhanyayo, ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kwensimbi nokuzinza, nokwelula impilo yesevisi.
I-6, Umkhawulo wokulinganisa owakhelwe phezulu, isibonisi esinembile somkhawulo oweqile, ukudayela okubonisa ukutholwa kwenani eliphezulu lomkhawulo, ukwaziswa okubomvu okweqile komkhawulo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-24-2024
