Imitha kawoyela ye-infrared iyithuluzi elisetshenziswa ngokukhethekile ukukala okuqukethwe kukawoyela emanzini. Isebenzisa umgomo we-infrared spectroscopy ukuhlaziya ngokwezibalo uwoyela osemanzini. Inezinzuzo zokusheshisa, okunembile futhi okulula, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuqapheni izinga lamanzi, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye neminye imikhakha.
Amafutha ayingxube yezinto ezihlukahlukene. Ngokusho kwe-polarity yezingxenye zayo, ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: amafutha e-petroleum nezilwane nemifino. Amafutha ezilwane ezimhlophe kanye nemifino angakhangiswa ngezinto ezifana ne-magnesium silicate noma ijeli ye-silica.
Izinto ze-petroleum zakhiwa ikakhulukazi izinhlanganisela ze-hydrocarbon ezifana nama-alkanes, ama-cycloalkanes, ama-hydrocarbon anephunga elimnandi, nama-alkenes. Okuqukethwe kwe-hydrocarbon kubala ama-96% kuya kuma-99% engqikithi. Ngaphezu kwama-hydrocarbon, izinto ze-petroleum ziqukethe nenani elincane lomoya-mpilo, i-nitrogen, nesibabule. I-Hydrocarbon derivatives yezinye izakhi.
Amafutha ezilwane nemifino ahlanganisa amafutha ezilwane namafutha emifino. Amafutha ezilwane angamafutha akhishwa ezilwaneni. Ngokuvamile zingahlukaniswa zibe amafutha ezilwane zasemhlabeni kanye namafutha ezilwane zasolwandle. Amafutha emifino amafutha atholakala ezithelweni, imbewu, namagciwane ezitshalo. Izingxenye eziyinhloko zamafutha emifino ama-acids aphezulu aphezulu kanye nama-triglycerides.
Imithombo yokungcoliswa kukawoyela
1. Izinto ezingcolisa uwoyela endaweni ezungezile ikakhulukazi ziphuma emanzini angcolile ezimbonini nasezindleleni zasekhaya.
2. Izimboni ezibalulekile zezimboni ezikhipha izinto ezingcolisa uphethiloli ikakhulukazi izimboni ezifana nokukhipha uwoyela ongahluziwe, ukucubungula, ukuthutha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamafutha ahluziwe ahlukahlukene.
3. Amafutha ezilwane kanye nemifino ikakhulukazi aphuma emfucumfucwini yasekhaya nasezimbonini zokudlela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimboni zezimboni ezifana nensipho, upende, uyinki, irabha, ukushuka, izindwangu, izimonyo nemithi nazo zikhipha amafutha ezilwane nemifino.
Izingozi zemvelo zamafutha ① Ukulimaza izakhiwo zamanzi; ② Ukulimaza imvelo yenhlabathi; ③ Ukulimala ezindaweni zokudoba; ④ Ukulimaza izitshalo zasemanzini; ⑤ Ukulimala ezilwaneni zasemanzini; ⑥ Ukulimala emzimbeni womuntu
1. Isimiso semitha kawoyela ye-infrared
Umtshina kawoyela we-infrared uwuhlobo lwensimbi esetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni zokuqapha imvelo, imboni ye-petrochemical, i-hydrology kanye nokongiwa kwamanzi, izinkampani zamanzi, izimboni zokuhlanza indle, izitshalo zamandla ashisayo, izinkampani zensimbi, ucwaningo lwesayensi nokufundisa enyuvesi, ukuqapha indawo yezolimo, ukuqapha indawo kaloliwe. , ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto, Amathuluzi asolwandle okuqapha imvelo, ukuqapha indawo yethrafikhi, ucwaningo lwesayensi yezemvelo kanye namanye amagumbi okuhlola namalabhorethri.
Ngokukhethekile, imitha kawoyela ye-infrared ikhanyisa isampula lamanzi emthonjeni wokukhanya we-infrared. Ama-molecule kawoyela kusampula yamanzi azomunca ingxenye yokukhanya kwe-infrared. Okuqukethwe kwamafutha kungabalwa ngokulinganisa ukukhanya okumuncwe. Ngenxa yokuthi izinto ezihlukene zimunca ukukhanya ngamaza ahlukene nokuqina, izinhlobo ezahlukene zikawoyela zingakalwa ngokukhetha izihlungi ezithile nezitholi.
Isimiso sayo sokusebenza sisekelwe kuzinga le-HJ637-2018. Okokuqala, i-tetrachlorethylene isetshenziselwa ukukhipha izinto zamafutha emanzini, futhi ukukhishwa okuphelele kuyalinganiswa. Khona-ke ukukhishwa kukhangiswa nge-magnesium silicate. Ngemva kokususwa kwezinto ezimhlophe ezifana namafutha ezilwane nemifino, amafutha ayalinganiswa. umusa. Ingqikithi yokukhishwa nokuqukethwe kwe-petroleum kunqunywa izinombolo zamagagasi ezingu-2930cm-1 (ukudlidliza okwelula kwe-CH bond eqenjini le-CH2), 2960cm-1 (ukudlidliza okwelula kwe-CH bond eqenjini le-CH3) kanye no-3030cm-1 (ama-hydrocarbons anephunga elimnandi). Ukumunca ku-A2930, A2960 naku-A3030 ekudlidlizeni okunwebekayo kwe-CH bond) kubaliwe. Okuqukethwe kwamafutha ezilwane nemifino kubalwa njengomehluko phakathi kokukhishwa okuphelele nokuqukethwe kwe-petroleum. Phakathi kwabo, amaqembu amathathu, 2930cm-1 (CH3), 2960cm-1 (CH2), kanye 3030cm-1 (aromatic hydrocarbons), yizona izingxenye eziyinhloko zamafutha amaminerali e-petroleum. "Noma iyiphi inhlanganisela" ekubunjweni kwayo "ingaqoqwa" kulawa maqembu amathathu. Ngakho-ke, kungabonakala ukuthi ukunqunywa kokuqukethwe kwe-petroleum kudinga kuphela inani lamaqembu amathathu angenhla.
Izicelo zansuku zonke ze-infrared oil detectors zihlanganisa kodwa azikhawulelwe ezimweni ezilandelayo: Ingakwazi ukukala okuqukethwe kwe-petroleum, njengamafutha amaminerali, amafutha enjini ahlukahlukene, amafutha omshini, amafutha okugcoba, amafutha okwenziwa kanye nezithasiselo ezihlukahlukene eziqukethe noma ezengeza; ngesikhathi esifanayo Okuqukethwe okuhlobene kwama-hydrocarbons afana nama-alkanes, ama-cycloalkanes nama-hydrocarbon anuka kamnandi nawo angalinganiswa ukuze kuqondwe okuqukethwe kukawoyela emanzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitholi zikawoyela we-infrared nazo zingasetshenziswa ukukala ama-hydrocarbon ezintweni eziphilayo, njengezinto eziphilayo ezikhiqizwa ukuqhekeka kwe-petroleum hydrocarbons, amafutha ahlukahlukene, kanye nemikhiqizo ephakathi ohlelweni lokukhiqizwa kwezinto eziphilayo.
2. Izinyathelo zokuqapha ngokusebenzisa umtshina kawoyela oyi-infrared
1. Ukulungiswa kwesampula: Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umtshina wamafutha we-infrared, isampula yamanzi idinga ukucutshungulwa ngaphambili. Amasampula amanzi ngokuvamile adinga ukuhlungwa, akhishwe kanye nezinye izinyathelo zokususa ukungcola kanye nezinto eziphazamisayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukumelela kwamasampula amanzi futhi ugweme amaphutha okulinganisa abangelwa amasampula angalingani.
2. Ama-reagents nezinto ezijwayelekile: Ukuze usebenzise umtshina kawoyela we-infrared, udinga ukulungisa ama-reagents ahambisanayo nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezijwayelekile, njengezincibilikisa izinto eziphilayo, amasampula kawoyela amsulwa, njll. Kubalulekile ukunaka ubumsulwa kanye nesikhathi sokusebenza kwama-reagents. , bese uwashintsha futhi uwalinganise njalo.
3. Ukulinganisa insimbi: Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imitha kawoyela ye-infrared, ukulinganisa kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kokulinganisa. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezijwayelekile zingasetshenziselwa ukulinganisa, futhi i-coefficient yokulinganisa yethuluzi ingabalwa ngokusekelwe ku-spectrum yokumuncwa kanye nokuqukethwe okwaziwayo kwezinto ezijwayelekile.
4. Imininingwane yokusebenza: Uma usebenzisa imitha kawoyela ye-infrared, udinga ukulandela imininingwane yokusebenza ukuze ugweme ukusebenza okungalungile okuthinta imiphumela yokulinganisa. Isibonelo, isampula idinga ukugcinwa izinzile phakathi nenqubo yokulinganisa ukugwema ukudlidliza nokuphazamiseka; kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka nokufakwa okunembile lapho ushintsha izihlungi kanye nezitholi; futhi kuyadingeka ukukhetha ama-algorithms afanelekile nezindlela zokubala ngesikhathi sokucubungula idatha.
5. Ukunakekela nokunakekela: Yenza ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile komtshina kawoyela we-infrared ukuze ugcine okokusebenza kusesimweni esihle. Isibonelo, hlala uhlanza izihlungi nezitholi, hlola ukuthi imithombo yokukhanya namasekhethi asebenza kahle yini, futhi wenze ukulinganisa okuvamile nokunakekelwa kwamathuluzi.
6. Ukusingatha izimo ezingavamile: Uma uhlangabezana nezimo ezingavamile ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa, njengemiphumela yokukala engavamile, ukwehluleka kwemishini, njll., udinga ukuyeka ukuyisebenzisa ngokushesha futhi uxazulule inkinga. Ungabheka imanuwali yesisetshenziswa noma uthinte ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe ukuze bacutshungulwe.
7. Ukurekhoda nokugcinwa kungobo yomlando: Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, imiphumela yokukala kanye nezimo zokusebenza kwemishini kudingeka zirekhodwe futhi zigcinwe kungobo yomlando ukuze kuhlaziywe futhi kuphenywe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuvikela ubumfihlo bomuntu siqu kanye nokuvikeleka kolwazi.
8. Ukuqeqeshwa kanye nemfundo: Abasebenzi abasebenzisa izithungatha zikawoyela we-infrared badinga ukuqeqeshwa kanye nemfundo ukuze baqonde imigomo, izindlela zokusebenza, izinyathelo zokuphepha, njll. zamathuluzi. Ukuqeqeshwa kungathuthukisa amazinga wamakhono wabasebenzisi futhi kuqinisekise ukusetshenziswa okulungile kwempahla kanye nokunemba kwedatha.
9. Izimo zemvelo: Izitholi zikawoyela we-infrared zinezidingo ezithile zezimo zemvelo, ezifana nezinga lokushisa, umswakama, ukuphazamiseka kukamagnetic, njll. Ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimo zemvelo ziyahlangabezana nezidingo. Uma kukhona okungahambi kahle, udinga ukulungisa futhi ukusingathe.
10. Ukuphepha kwaselabhorethri: Naka ukuphepha kwaselabhorethri ngesikhathi usetshenziswa, njengokugwema ama-reagents ukuthinta isikhumba, ukugcina umoya omncane, njll. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukulahlwa kwemfucuza kanye nokuhlanza ilabhorethri ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlanzeka nokuphepha kwendawo. indawo yaselabhorethri.
Njengamanje, imitha entsha kawoyela ye-infrared LH-S600 eyakhiwe yi-Lianhua inesikrini sokuthinta esichaza phezulu esingu-10 intshi kanye nekhompyutha yethebhulethi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Ingasetshenziswa ngokuqondile kukhompyutha yethebhulethi ngaphandle kwesidingo sekhompyutha yangaphandle futhi inezinga eliphansi lokuhluleka. Ingakwazi ukubonisa amagrafu ngobuhlakani, isekele ukuqanjwa kwesampula, isihlungi futhi ibuke imiphumela yokuhlolwa, futhi inwebise isixhumi esibonakalayo se-HDMI kusikrini esikhulu ukuze sisekele ukulayishwa kwedatha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-12-2024
