I-DPD spectrophotometry iyindlela ejwayelekile yokuthola i-chlorine eyinsalela yamahhala kanye ne-chlorine eyinsalela esezingeni likazwelonke laseShayina “Isilulumagama Sekhwalithi Yamanzi Nezindlela Zokuhlaziya” GB11898-89, ethuthukiswe ngokuhlanganyela yi-American Public Health Association, i-American Water Works Association kanye ne-Water Pollution Control. Inhlangano. “Ezindleleni Zokuhlola Ezijwayelekile Zamanzi Namanzi Angcolile” ezihleliwe, indlela ye-DPD iye yathuthukiswa kusukela kuhlelo lwesi-15 futhi iyatuswa njengendlela evamile yokuhlola i-chlorine dioxide.
Izinzuzo zendlela ye-DPD
Ingahlukanisa i-chlorine dioxide kwezinye izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-chlorine (okuhlanganisa i-chlorine eyinsalela yamahhala, i-chlorine eyinsalela ephelele ne-chlorite, njll.), okwenza kube lula ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-colorimetric. Le ndlela ayinembile njenge-amperometric titration, kodwa imiphumela yanele ngezinjongo eziningi ezijwayelekile.
isimiso
Ngaphansi kwezimo ze-pH 6.2~6.5, i-ClO2 iqala ihlangana ne-DPD ukuze yakhe inhlanganisela ebomvu, kodwa inani livela kuphela lifinyelela ingxenye eyodwa kwezinhlanu zengqikithi yalo yokuqukethwe kwe-chlorine etholakalayo (okulingana nokunciphisa i-ClO2 kuya kuma-ion e-chlorite). Uma isampula lamanzi lifakwe i-asidi phambi kwe-iodide, i-chlorite ne-chlorate nayo isabela, futhi lapho ingathathi hlangothi ngokungezwa kwe-bicarbonate, umbala owumphumela uhambisana nengqikithi yokuqukethwe kwe-chlorine etholakalayo ye-ClO2. Ukuphazanyiswa kwe-chlorine yamahhala kungavinjelwa ngokungeza i-glycine. Isisekelo siwukuthi i-glycine ingashintsha ngokushesha i-chlorine yamahhala ibe i-aminoacetic acid e-chlorine, kodwa ayinawo umthelela ku-ClO2.
Isixazululo sesitoko esijwayelekile se-potassium iodate, 1.006g/L: Kala i-potassium iodate engu-1.003g (KIO3, yomiswe ku-120~140°C amahora ama-2), ncibilika emanzini anobumsulwa obuphezulu, bese udlulisela kuvolumu engu-1000ml.
Nciphisa i-flask yokulinganisa kumaki bese uxuba.
Isixazululo esijwayelekile se-Potassium iodate, 10.06mg/L: Thatha u-10.0ml wesisombululo sesitoko (4.1) ku-1000ml ye-volumetric flask, engeza cishe i-1g ye-potassium iodide (4.5), engeza amanzi ukuze unciphise uphawu, futhi uhlanganise. Lungiselela ngosuku lokusetshenziswa ebhodleleni elinsundu. I-1.00ml yalesi sixazululo esijwayelekile iqukethe u-10.06μg KIO3, okulingana ne-chlorine etholakalayo engu-1.00mg/L.
I-phosphate buffer: Chaza u-24g anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate kanye no-46g we-anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate emanzini acwecwe, bese uxuba ku-100ml wamanzi acwengekile nosawoti we-disodium ongu-800mg EDTA oncibilikisiwe. Nciphisa ngamanzi acwengekile ku-1L, ngokuzikhethela engeza u-20mg i-mercuric chloride noma amaconsi angu-2 e-toluene ukuze uvimbele ukukhula kwesikhunta. Ukwengeza u-20 mg we-mercuric chloride kungaqeda ukuphazamiseka kokulandela amanani e-iodide angase asale lapho kulinganiswa i-chlorine yamahhala. (Qaphela: I-Mercury chloride inobuthi, phatha ngokucophelela futhi ugweme ukungeniswa)
N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) Inkomba: Chaza i-1.5g DPD sulfate pentahydrate noma 1.1g anhydrous DPD sulfate emanzini acwecwe angena-chlorine aqukethe 8ml1+3 sulfuric acid kanye no-200mg EDTA disodium usawoti 1, dilute ebhodleleni lengilazi eliphansi elinsundu, bese uligcina endaweni emnyama. Lapho inkomba iphela, idinga ukwakhiwa kabusha. Hlola njalo inani lokumunca lamasampula angenalutho,
Uma inani lokumunca lengenalutho ku-515nm lidlula u-0.002/cm, ukumiswa kabusha kufanele kuyekwe.
I-Potassium iodide (KI crystal)
Isixazululo se-sodium arsenite: Chaza i-5.0g NaAsO2 emanzini acwengekile bese unciphisa ku-1 litre. Qaphela: I-NaAsO2 inobuthi, gwema ukungeniswa!
Isixazululo se-Thioacetamide: Chaza u-125 mg we-thioacetamide ku-100 ml wamanzi acwecwe.
Isixazululo se-Glycine: Chaza u-20g we-glycine emanzini angenayo i-chlorine bese unciphisa ku-100ml. Isitolo sifriziwe. Kudingeka kumiswe kabusha lapho kuvela i-turbidity.
Isixazululo se-sulfuric acid (cishe i-1mol/L): Chaza i-5.4ml egxilile i-H2SO4 ibe yi-100ml yamanzi acwecwe.
Isixazululo se-sodium hydroxide (cishe u-2mol/L): Kala u-8g NaOH bese uyincibilikisa emanzini ahlanzekile angu-100ml.
Ijika lokulinganisa (elisebenzayo).
Ochungechungeni lwamashubhu angama-50 colorimetric, engeza u-0.0, 0.25, 0.50, 1.50, 2.50, 3.75, 5.00, 10.00ml wesisombululo esijwayelekile se-potassium iodate, ngokulandelana, engeza cishe i-1g ye-potassium iodide kanye no-0.5ml wesisombululo se-sulfuri yima imizuzu emi-2, bese wengeza u-0.5ml wesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide bese unciphisa uphawu. Ukugxila ebhodleleni ngalinye ngokulandelana kulingana no-0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.30, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, kanye no-2.00 mg/L we-chlorine etholakalayo. Engeza u-2.5ml we-phosphate buffer kanye no-2.5ml wesixazululo senkomba ye-DPD, hlanganisa kahle, futhi ngokushesha (phakathi nemizuzu emi-2) ulinganise ukumunca ku-515nm usebenzisa i-cuvette eyi-intshi engu-1. Dweba ijika elijwayelekile bese uthola isibalo sokuhlehla.
Izinyathelo zokunquma
I-Chlorine dioxide: Engeza i-1ml yesisombululo se-glycine ku-50ml wesampula yamanzi bese uxuba, bese wengeza u-2.5ml we-phosphate buffer no-2.5ml wesisombululo senkomba ye-DPD, hlanganisa kahle, futhi ulinganise ukumunca ngokushesha (phakathi nemizuzu emi-2) (ukufunda ngu-G).
I-Chlorine dioxide ne-chlorine etholakala mahhala: Thatha elinye isampula lamanzi elingu-50ml, engeza u-2.5ml we-phosphate buffer kanye nesisombululo senkomba esingu-2.5ml se-DPD, uhlanganise kahle, futhi ulinganise ukumunca ngokushesha (phakathi nemizuzu emi-2) (ukufundwa ngu-A).
7.3 I-Chlorine dioxide, i-chlorine etholakalayo yamahhala kanye ne-chlorine etholakalayo ehlanganisiwe: Thatha omunye u-50ml wesampula wamanzi, engeza cishe i-1g ye-potassium iodide, engeza u-2.5ml we-phosphate buffer kanye no-2.5ml wesisombululo senkomba ye-DPD, uhlanganise kahle, futhi ulinganise ukumunca ngokushesha (ngaphakathi 2 amaminithi) (Ukufunda ngu-C).
Isamba se-chlorine etholakalayo kuhlanganise ne-chlorine dioxide yamahhala, i-chlorite, i-chlorine eyinsalela yamahhala kanye ne-chlorine eyinsalela ehlanganisiwe: Ngemva kokuthola ukufundwa kwe-C, engeza isisombululo samanzi esingu-0.5ml esampula samanzi ebhodleleni elifanayo lombala, bese uxuba Ngemva kokuma unganyakazi imizuzu emi-2, engeza. 0.5 ml isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide, hlanganisa futhi ulinganise ukumunca ngokushesha (ukufundwa ngu-D).
I-ClO2=1.9G (ibalwa njenge-ClO2)
I-chlorine=AG etholakala mahhala
Kuhlanganiswe i-chlorine etholakalayo = CA
Isamba se-chlorine etholakalayo=D
I-Chlorite=D-(C+4G)
Imithelela yeManganese: Into ephazamisayo ebaluleke kakhulu etholakala emanzini okuphuza i-manganese oxide. Ngemva kokwengeza isigcina se-phosphate (4.3), engeza isixazululo se-sodium arsenite esingu-0.5~1.0ml (4.6), bese wengeza inkomba ye-DPD ukuze ulinganise ukumunca. Susa lokhu kufundwa kokufunda A ukuze ususe
Susa ukuphazamiseka ku-manganese oxide.
Ithonya lokushisa: Phakathi kwazo zonke izindlela zokuhlaziya zamanje ezingakwazi ukuhlukanisa i-ClO2, i-chlorine yamahhala ne-chlorine ehlanganisiwe, kuhlanganise ne-amperometric titration, indlela ye-iodometric eqhubekayo, njll., izinga lokushisa lizothinta ukunemba komehluko. Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu, i-chlorine ehlanganisiwe (i-chloramine) izotshelwa ukuthi ibambe iqhaza ekuphenduleni kusenesikhathi, okuholela emiphumeleni ephezulu ye-ClO2, ikakhulukazi i-chlorine yamahhala. Indlela yokuqala yokulawula ukulawula izinga lokushisa. Cishe ku-20°C, ungakwazi futhi ukwengeza i-DPD kusampula yamanzi futhi uwaxube, bese wengeza ngokushesha isixazululo se-thioacetamide esingu-0.5ml (4.7) ukuze umise insalela ye-chlorine (chloramine) ehlanganisiwe evela ku-DPD. Ukusabela.
Umthelela wesikhathi se-colorimetric: Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umbala obomvu okhiqizwe i-ClO2 kanye nenkomba ye-DPD awuzinzile. Lapho umbala umnyama, ufiphala ngokushesha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengoba isisombululo se-phosphate buffer kanye nenkomba ye-DPD kuhlanganiswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nazo zizofiphala. Ikhiqiza umbala obomvu ongelona iqiniso, futhi ukuzizwisa kubonise ukuthi lokhu kungazinzi kombala okuncike esikhathini kuyimbangela enkulu yokuncipha kokunemba kwedatha. Ngakho-ke, ukusheshisa isinyathelo ngasinye sokusebenza ngenkathi kulawulwa ukumiswa kwesikhathi esisetshenziswe esinyathelweni ngasinye kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukunemba. Ngokusho kokuhlangenwe nakho: ukuthuthukiswa kombala ekuhlanganiseni okungaphansi kuka-0.5 mg/L kungasimama cishe imizuzu eyi-10 kuye kwengama-20, ukuthuthukiswa kombala ekuhlanganiseni okungaba ngu-2.0 mg/L kungasimama kuphela imizuzu emi-3 kuye kwemi-5, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kombala ekugxilweni okungaphezu kuka-5.0 mg/L kuzozinza ngaphansi kweminithi elingu-1.
II-LH-P3CLOokwamanje olunikezwa Lianhua kuyinto ephathekayoimitha ye-chlorine eseleehambisana nendlela ye-DPD photometric.
I-analyzer isivele isethile ubude begagasi nejika. Udinga kuphela ukwengeza ama-reagents futhi wenze i-colorimetry ukuze uthole ngokushesha imiphumela ye-chlorine esele, i-chlorine eyinsalela ne-chlorine dioxide emanzini. Iphinde isekele amandla ebhethri namandla angaphakathi endlini, okwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa ngaphandle noma elabhorethri.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-24-2024
