I-nitrogen iyisici esibalulekile esingaba khona ngezindlela ezahlukene emanzini nasenhlabathini ngemvelo. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngemiqondo ye-nitrogen ephelele, i-ammonia nitrogen, i-nitrate nitrogen, i-nitrite nitrogen ne-Kjeldahl nitrogen. Ingqikithi ye-nitrogen (TN) iyinkomba evame ukusetshenziswa ukukala inani eliphelele lazo zonke izinto ze-nitrogen emanzini. Ihlanganisa i-ammonia nitrogen, i-nitrate nitrogen, i-nitrite nitrogen nezinye izinto ze-nitrogen ezifana ne-nitrate ne-nitrate. I-Ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) ibhekisela ekuhlanganiseni okuhlanganisiwe kwe-ammonia (NH3) nama-ammonia oxides (NH4+). I-alkaline nitrogen ebuthakathaka futhi ingatholakala ekuphenduleni kwebhayoloji namakhemikhali emanzini. I-Nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) ibhekisela ekuhlanganiseni kwe-nitrate (NO3 -). I-nitrogen ene-acidic kakhulu futhi iyindlela eyinhloko ye-nitrogen. Ingatholakala emisebenzini yebhayoloji yamanzi avela ku-ammonia nitrogen ne-organic nitrogen emanzini. I-Nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N) ibhekisela ekuhlanganiseni kwe-nitrite (NO2 -). I-nitrogen ene-asidi ebuthakathaka futhi isandulela se-nitrate nitrogen, engatholakala ngokusabela kwebhayoloji namakhemikhali emanzini. I-Kjeldahl nitrogen (Kjeldahl-N) isho isamba sama-ammonia oxides (NH4+) kanye ne-organic nitrogen (Norg). I-ammonia nitrogen engatholakala ngokusabela kwebhayoloji namakhemikhali emanzini. I-nitrogen emanzini iyisici esibalulekile esingathinta izinga lamanzi, izimo zemvelo, nokukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha nokulawula ingqikithi ye-nitrogen, i-ammonia nitrogen, i-nitrate nitrogen, i-nitrite nitrogen, ne-Kjeldahl nitrogen emanzini. Okuqukethwe yinayitrojeni isiyonke kuyinkomba ebalulekile yokukala inani eliphelele lezinto ze-nitrogen emanzini. Ngokuvamile, inani le-nitrogen eliphelele emanzini kufanele libe phakathi kwebanga elithile. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu noma okuphansi kakhulu kuzothinta izinga lamanzi lamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ammonia nitrogen, i-nitrate nitrogen, i-nitrite nitrogen, ne-Kjeldahl nitrogen nazo ziyizinkomba ezibalulekile zokuthola izinto ze-nitrogen emanzini. Okuqukethwe kwabo kufanele futhi kube phakathi kwebanga elithile. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu noma okuphansi kakhulu kuzothinta izinga lamanzi lamanzi. Njengesakhi somsoco, i-nitrogen ifakwa emachibini, futhi umthelela oqondile kakhulu yi-eutrophication:
1) Uma amachibi esesimweni semvelo, ngokuyisisekelo ayi-oligotrophic noma i-mesotrophic. Ngemva kokuthola okokufaka kwezakhi zangaphandle, izinga lezakhi zomzimba wamanzi liyakhula, okungase kukhuthaze ukukhula kwezimpande neziqu zezitshalo zasemanzini ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile, futhi ukunothisa izakhi akubonakali.
2) Ngokufaka okuqhubekayo kwezakhamzimba ezifana ne-nitrogen, izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezakhi ezimila emanzini liphansi kunezinga lokukhuphuka kwe-nitrogen. Ukwanda kwezakhamzimba kubangela ukuthi ulwelwe lwande ngamanani amakhulu, kancane kancane lunciphise ukucaca komzimba wamanzi, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwezimila zasemanzini kuvinjelwe kuze kube yilapho inyamalala. Ngalesi sikhathi, leli chibi liyashintsha lisuka echibini eliwuhlobo lotshani liye echibini lohlobo lwe-algae, futhi leli chibi libonisa izici ze-eutrophication.
Njengamanje, amazwe amaningi anemithetho eqinile mayelana nokuqukethwe kwezinto ze-nitrogen njengengqikithi ye-nitrogen, i-ammonia nitrogen, i-nitrate nitrogen, i-nitrite nitrogen ne-Kjeldahl nitrogen emanzini. Uma imithethonqubo yephulwa, izoba nomthelela omubi kakhulu kwikhwalithi yamanzi kanye nemvelo yendawo yamanzi. Ngakho-ke, wonke umuntu kufanele anake ukuqapha nokulawulwa kwezinto ze-nitrogen emanzini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinga lamanzi lemithombo yamanzi liyahlangabezana nezindinganiso zikazwelonke.
Ngokufigqiwe,i-nitrogen yonke, i-ammonia nitrogen, i-nitrate nitrogen, i-nitrite nitrogen ne-Kjeldahl nitrogenziyizinkomba ezibalulekile zezinto ze-nitrogen emizimbeni yamanzi. Okuqukethwe kwabo kuyinkomba ebalulekile yekhwalithi yamanzi, futhi ukuqapha nokulawula kubaluleke kakhulu. Kuphela ngokuqapha nokulawula okunengqondo kwezinto ze-nitrogen emanzini lapho singaqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi yamanzi ihlangabezana nezindinganiso futhi ivikela impilo yomzimba wamanzi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-05-2024
