I-Eutrophication yemizimba yamanzi ibhekisela esenzakalweni sokuthi ngaphansi kwethonya lemisebenzi yabantu, izakhi ezifana ne-nitrogen ne-phosphorus ezidingwa izinto eziphilayo zingena emanzini ageleza kancane njengamachibi, imifula, amatheku, njll. ngobuningi, okuholela ekukhiqizeni ngokushesha ulwelwe namanye ama-plankton, ukuncipha komoyampilo oncibilikisiwe emzimbeni wamanzi, ukuwohloka kwezinga lamanzi, nokufa ngobuningi kwezinhlanzi nezinye izinto eziphilayo.
Izimbangela zayo ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa izici ezilandelayo:
1. Izakhamzimba ezeqile: Okuqukethwe okweqile kwezakhamzimba ezifana ne-phosphorus isiyonke kanye nenani eliphelele le-nitrogen kuyimbangela eqondile ye-eutrophication yemithombo yamanzi.
2. Isimo sokugeleza kwamanzi: Isimo sokugeleza kwamanzi kancane (njengamachibi, amachibi, njll.) senza kube nzima ukuthi imisoco esemzimbeni wamanzi ihlanjululwe futhi isakazwe, okuvumela ukukhula kolwelwe.
3. Izinga lokushisa elifanele: Ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa kwamanzi, ikakhulukazi ebangeni lika-20℃ kuya ku-35℃, kuzothuthukisa ukukhula nokukhiqizwa kabusha kolwelwe.
4. Izici zobuntu: Inani elikhulu lamanzi angcolile ane-nitrogen ne-phosphorus, udoti kanye nomanyolo olahlwa yizimboni, ezolimo kanye nempilo ezindaweni ezizungezile ezithuthukile ngokomnotho nezinabantu abaningi ziyizimbangela ezibalulekile zomuntu zokuqhakaza kwemithombo yamanzi. .
I-Eutrophication yemithombo yamanzi kanye nemithelela yemvelo
Umthelela we-eutrophication yemithombo yamanzi endaweni ezungezile ubonakala ikakhulukazi kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
1. Ukuwohloka kwezinga lamanzi: Ukuzala kabusha okukhulu kolwelwe kuzodla umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe emzimbeni wamanzi, kubangele ukonakala kwezinga lamanzi futhi kuphazamise ukuphila kwezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini.
2. Ukungalingani kwemvelo: Ukukhula okuhlanyayo kolwelwe kuzolimaza ukugeleza kwempahla namandla e-ecosystem yasemanzini, okuholela ekungalinganini kokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlobo zezilwane, futhi kucekele phansi kancane kancane yonke i-ecosystem yasemanzini. .
3. Ukungcoliswa komoya: Ukubola nokubola kolwelwe kuzoveza iphunga futhi kungcolise indawo ezungezile yomoya.
4. Ukushoda kwamanzi: Ukuwohloka kwezinga lamanzi kuzobhebhethekisa ukushoda kwemithombo yamanzi.
Ichibi elalicwebile futhi lingenasiphelo kungazelelwe laba luhlaza. Lokhu kungase kungabi ubungqabavu basentwasahlobo, kodwa isignali eyisixwayiso ye-eutrophication yemithombo yamanzi.
I-Eutrophication yekhwalithi yamanzi, ngamagama alula, "ukudla ngokweqile" emanzini. Lapho okuqukethwe kwezakhi ezifana ne-nitrogen ne-phosphorus emanzini ageleza kancane njengamachibi nemifula kuphezulu kakhulu, kufana nokuvula “i-buffet” yolwelwe namanye ama-plankton. Zizozalana ngendlela exakile futhi zenze “izimbali zamanzi”. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokwenza amanzi aguquguquke, kodwa futhi kuletha uchungechunge lwezinkinga ezinkulu zemvelo.
Amandla abangela i-eutrophication yemithombo yamanzi, pho ivelaphi le misoco eyeqisayo? Ngokuyinhloko kunemithombo elandelayo:
Ukuvundisa kwezolimo: Ukuze kwandiswe isivuno sezitshalo, kusetshenziswa inani elikhulu likamanyolo wamakhemikhali, futhi umanyolo omningi we-nitrogen ne-phosphorus ugelezela emanzini ngaphansi kokukhahlelwa kwamanzi emvula.
Indle yasendlini: Indle yasendlini emadolobheni inenani elikhulu lezakhamzimba ezintweni zokuhlanza nezinsalela zokudla. Uma ikhishwa ngokuqondile ngaphandle kokwelashwa noma ukwelashwa okungalungile, izoba yinkinga ye-eutrophication yemithombo yamanzi.
Ukukhishwa kwezimboni: Ezinye izimboni zizokhiqiza amanzi angcolile aqukethe i-nitrogen ne-phosphorus ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Uma ingakhishwa ngendlela efanele, izophinde ingcolise umzimba wamanzi.
Izici zemvelo: Nakuba izici zemvelo ezifana nokuguguleka komhlabathi nazo zingaletha imisoco ethile, emphakathini wanamuhla, imisebenzi yabantu iyimbangela eyinhloko ye-eutrophication yekhwalithi yamanzi.
Imiphumela ye-eutrophication yemithombo yamanzi:
Ukuwohloka kwezinga lamanzi: Ukuzala kabusha kwesilinganiso esikhulu solwelwe kuzodla umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe emanzini, kubangele ikhwalithi yamanzi ukuba yonane futhi kukhiphe iphunga elibi.
Ukungalingani kwemvelo: Ukuqubuka kolwelwe kuzompintsha indawo yokuhlala yezinye izinto eziphila emanzini, kubangele ukufa kwezinhlanzi nezinye izinto eziphilayo futhi kucekele phansi ibhalansi yemvelo.
Ukulahlekelwa kwezomnotho: I-Eutrophication izoba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni ezifana nezokudoba nezokuvakasha, okubangele ukulahlekelwa emnothweni wendawo.
Izingozi zempilo: Imithombo yamanzi e-Eutrophic ingase ibe nezinto eziyingozi, njengamagciwane nobuthi, obuyingozi empilweni yomuntu.
Kuhlanganiswe nezimbangela ze-eutrophication yemithombo yamanzi, ukuhlolwa kwenkomba ye-nitrogen ne-phosphorus edingekayo kwenziwa emanzini angcolile asekhaya namanzi angcolile ezimbonini, futhi "ukuvimbela" emthonjeni kunganciphisa ngempumelelo okokufaka kwezakhi zangaphandle. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukutholwa nokuqapha kwe-nitrogen, i-phosphorus nezinye izinkomba emachibini nasemifuleni kuzohlinzeka ngosizo lwedatha oludingekayo kanye nesisekelo sokuthatha izinqumo sokuphepha nokuvikela izinga lamanzi.
Yiziphi izinkomba ezihlolelwa i-eutrophication yemizimba yamanzi?
Izinkomba zokutholwa kwe-eutrophication yamanzi zifaka i-chlorophyll a, ingqikithi ye-phosphorus (TP), inani le-nitrogen (TN), ukukhanya (SD), inkomba ye-permanganate (CODMn), i-oxygen encibilikisiwe (DO), isidingo se-biochemical oxygen (BOD), isidingo somoya-mpilo wamakhemikhali ( I-COD), ingqikithi ye-organic carbon (TOC), isidingo se-oxygen esiphelele (TOD), okuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen, okuqukethwe kwe-phosphorus, amagciwane aphelele, njll.
I-LH-P300 iyimitha yekhwalithi yamanzi enepharamitha ephathekayo ephathekayo ekwazi ukulinganisa ngokushesha nangokunembile.I-COD, i-ammonia nitrogen, i-phosphorus isiyonke, i-nitrogen isiyonke, izinto ezingcolisa izinto eziphilayo kanye nokungcola okungaphili emasampula amanzi. Ingakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokutholwa kwezikhombisi ezibalulekile ze-nitrogen ne-phosphorus ze-eutrophication yamanzi. Insimbi incane futhi ilula, kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi isebenza ngokugcwele, isebenza ngezindleko eziphakeme kakhulu. I-Eutrophication yamanzi ihlobene nempilo yawo wonke umuntu, impilo kanye nezinga lempilo. Ngokuqapha kanye nezimpendulo zesayensi, ngikholwa ukuthi sizokwazi ukunqoba le nselelo futhi sivikele imithombo yamanzi esithembele kuyo ukuze siphile. Ake siqale kusukela manje, siqale ezintweni ezincane ezisizungezile, futhi sibambe iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme kwemithombo yamanzi!
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-09-2024
